The aim of this study was to determine if the degree of caloric restriction or rate of weight loss affect the ability to maintain a low weight after a weight-loss program. Four degrees of energy restriction (100%, 75%, 60% or 50% of maintenance energy requirements for the target body weight) were used in 39 dogs for a maximum of 16 weeks. Afterwards, these dogs were assigned to ad libitum food intake or daily rations to maintain body weight for 26 extra weeks. All dogs received the same low calorie dog food during the study. There was a rebound of the weight in all dogs of the ad libitum group. Weight gain was correlated to the level of calorie restriction and total weight loss. All dogs from the maintenance weight regimen were able to maintain the weight. Thus, a slow rate of weight loss and continued limitation of food intake can control the rebound effect.