This paper reviews the benefits and risks of a raw meat-based diet (RMBD) for dogs and cats. Some owners support RMBD (up to 10.8% as major diet component, up to 32,9% as some component of the diet) because domestic dogs and cats evolved eating preys and claim an improved immune function and decreased incidence of common conditions such as obesity, diabetes mellitus, FLUTD, etc. There are few high-quality studies assessing these diets.